Short answer

Poor sleep can affect attention, memory, speed, and consistency.

What affects it

Test quality, age, health, language, education, motivation, environment, and purpose all matter.

An average study effect cannot predict one person exactly.

Guidance

Use adequate sleep, quiet conditions, accommodations, and a suitable instrument.

For children, health, disability, or high-stakes decisions, consult a qualified professional.

COMMON QUESTIONS

Frequently asked questions